BASIC CONSTANTS


Mathematical Constants
3.141592653589793
e2.718281828459045
Physical Constants
Speed of light (c)299,792,458 m/s
Constant of gravitation (G)6.67259x10-11 Nm2/kg2
Universal gas constant (R)8,314.4621 J/kmol-K
Stefan-Boltzmann constant (s)5.670373x10-8 W/m2-K4
Acceleration of gravity (g)9.80665 m/s2
Standard atmosphere, sea level101,325 Pa
Astronomical Constants
Astronomical unit (AU)149,597,870 km
Light year (ly)9.460530x1012 km
Parsec (pc)3.261633 ly
Sidereal year365.256366 days
Mass of Sun1.9891x1030 kg
Radius of Sun696,000 km
Mass of Earth5.9737x1024 kg
Equatorial radius of Earth6,378.137 km
Earth oblateness1/298.257  
Obliquity of the ecliptic, epoch 2000   23.4392911degrees
Mean lunar distance384,403 km
Radius of Moon1,738 km
Mass of Moon7.348x1022 kg
Luminosity of Sun3.839x1026 W
Solar constant, at 1 AU1,366 W/m2
Solar maxima1990 + 11n (date)
Spaceflight Constants
GM (Sun)1.32712438x1020 m3/s2
GM (Earth)3.986005x1014 m3/s2
GM (Moon)4.902794x1012 m3/s2
GM (Mars)4.282831x1013 m3/s2
J2 (Earth)0.00108263  
J2 (Moon)0.0002027  
J2 (Mars)0.00196045  


Planet Data
Name Equatorial Radius
(km)
Mass
(1024 kg)
Surface Gravity
(m/s2)
GM
(1015 m3/s2)
Semimajor Axis
(106 km)
Eccentricity Orbit Inclination
(degrees)
Sidereal Period
(days)
Sidereal Rotation Period (hours)
Mercury 2,439.7 0.3302 3.70 0.02203 57.91 0.2056 7.00 87.960 1,407.6
Venus 6,051.8 4.8685 8.87 0.3249 108.21 0.0067 3.39 224.701 -5,832.5
Earth 6,378.1 5.9742 9.80 0.3986 149.60 0.0167 0.000 365.256 23.9345
Mars 3,397.0 0.64185 3.71 0.04283 227.92 0.0935 1.850 686.980 24.6229
Jupiter 71,492 1,898.6 24.79 126.686 778.57 0.0489 1.304 4,332.59 9.9250
Saturn 60,268 568.46 10.44 37.931 1,433.53 0.0565 2.485 10,759.2 10.656
Uranus 25,559 86.832 8.87 5.794 2,872.46 0.0457 0.772 30,685.4 -17.24
Neptune 24,764 102.43 11.15 6.835 4,495.06 0.0113 1.769 60,189 16.11
Pluto 1,195 0.0125 0.58 0.00083 5,869.66 0.2444 17.16 90,465 -153.29


Home